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A tribute claimed by the Government with any direct compensation.
Taxes are monetary payments that must be paid to the Government without a specific type of compensation that exist in order to finance the services that the Public Administration needs to cover the collective necessities of its citizens.
They are a type of tribute that is charged to the general public, individuals or businesses for the possession of certain goods, for obtaining income o for any other type of act that is under taxation law. The Government can therefore attain the financing it needs that is used to defray part of its public expenses. A tax is made up of various elements.
- A taxable event: the actual act the gives way to a tributary obligation.
- taxpayer: a person or business that is obliged to satisfy a tributary obligation.
- Substitute: a persona that takes the responsibility for being the taxpayer for another.
- Tax collector: the Administration that receives the payment of a tax.
- Tax base: the amount over which a tax is charged.
- Tax rate: the percentage that is applied to the tax base in order to quantify the tax. These rates can be variable or fixed. Different
types of
taxes exist in function of how wealth is taxed, such as:
Taxes are also divided into how they vary in quantity in terms of their
tax base:
a) Proportional
taxes: those
taxes in which the percentage is independent to the
tax base, which means the same percentage is always applied.
b) Progressive
taxes: when the percentage varies in function of the
tax base, which basically means the larger the
tax base, the higher the
tax rate.